Archetypes of pyramids in Saqqara
Searching the archetype of pyramids at Saqqara had a reason. The first pyramids were built at the necropolis in Saqqara, so this had to be the location of buildings, from which pyramids evolved. The research of other necropolises indicated it as well. Nevertheless it brought a considerable surprise – tombs of several Kings of the first and second dynasty were discovered in Abydos (Abdju), including the tombs of Hor-Aha, Djer, Djet, Den and Qa’a. But tombs of these Kings were also discovered and securely identified at Saqqara.
How could be one man, even though he was a Pharaoh, buried in two places? And if he could be buried in only one place, why he had set up two costly tombs with a huge burial equipment? In which of them was he finally laid to rest then?
Egyptologists believe that the construction of two parallel tombs was one of the terms known as „duality of Egypt“. The Egyptian King was the ruler of the Upper and Lower country, the bearer of the Upper and Lower Egypt crown, and therefore he had to have a tomb in Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt as well. Others explain this situation as a desire of Egyptians to be buried near Osiris’ grave, which was located in Abydos (Abdju) according to myths. If they could not have a real tomb there, they let build a symbolic tomb – cenotaph (if they could afford it) or a tombstone with their name (stele) at least. In general they agree that these Kings were buried at Saqqara, on the necropolis of the unified Egypt capital and that they had only symbolic tombs in Abydos (Abdju).